Guideway crawling faults in machine tools severely impact machining accuracy and operational stability. This issue stems from multiple factors:

1. Assembly and Transmission Flaws

Poor coaxiality, parallelism, or over-tightened guideway pressure plates boost transmission friction, weakening the driving force of crawling. Additionally, low-rigidity brackets or fasteners deform under pressure, failing to transmit torque steadily. With complex transmission setups, frictional resistance further reduces effective torque, worsening the crawling problem.

2. Unbalanced Rotating Parts

Unbalanced high-speed rotating components generate centrifugal forces, creating vibration waves that are transferred to the Linear Guide Rail to influence the crawling.

3. Hydraulic System Leaks

Leaks in the hydraulic system—due to faulty seals in pumps, pipes, valves, or cylinders—drop oil pressure and power output, restricting crawling. Even after replacing worn-out cylinder end-cover seals, over-tight installation can increase friction and impede power transmission.

4. Lubrication Failures

Insufficient or degraded lubrication leads to dry friction on linear motion guide surfaces, limiting crawling. Dry friction also scratches and roughens the surface, increasing local friction and disrupting the worktable's smooth motion.